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A recent study published in the journal Neurology has highlighted the long-term benefits of aggressively managing blood pressure for over three years in preventing cognitive decline. The findings reveal that intensive blood pressure control not only lowers the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) but also reduces the likelihood of dementia among adults with hypertension and high cardiovascular risk.
Study Insights
Conducted by researchers at Wake Forest University, the study observed 9,361 participants aged 50 and older across the United States and Puerto Rico. Over a follow-up period averaging seven years, participants underwent cognitive tests both in-person and via telephone.
Participants were categorized based on cognitive status into three groups:
• No cognitive impairment
• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
• Probable dementia
David M. Reboussin, a professor at Wake Forest University’s School of Medicine, noted, “The intensive treatment group demonstrated a sustained lower incidence of cognitive impairment compared to the standard treatment group.”
Implications of the Findings
The study underscores the connection between hypertension and cognitive decline. According to co-author Jeff Williamson, a professor of gerontology and geriatric medicine at Wake Forest, “Lowering blood pressure to more aggressive targets can enhance quality of life and prolong active years for individuals with hypertension.”
Key Observations
• Intensive blood pressure control over 3.3 years significantly reduced the risk of MCI and combined cognitive impairments (MCI or probable dementia).
• However, the strategy did not show a standalone reduction in the risk of probable dementia.
The authors emphasized, “Our findings support the use of intensive blood pressure management as a strategy to prevent cognitive impairment, which is a leading cause of loss of independence in older adults.”
Broader Impact
This study adds to growing evidence that managing cardiovascular health can play a critical role in preserving neurological health. By proactively addressing hypertension, individuals may not only reduce cardiovascular complications but also safeguard their cognitive abilities.
