By Preeti Singh
Jharkhand and its Timeline History With Dates
Jharkhand is the 28th state of the Indian Union. The state of Jharkhand, located in eastern India was carved out from the state of Bihar on November 15, 2000, with Ranchi as its capital. The date is important as it also marks the birth anniversary of the legendary Bhagwan Birsa Munda. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east. Jharkhand is one of the 28 states of India, situated in the eastern part of India. The state of Jharkhand spreads over an area of 79,714 square kilometers. Jharkhand is bordered by Bihar in the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in the west, Orissa in the south, and West Bengal in the east. The major cities of Jharkhand are Jamshedpur, Dhanbad, Bokaro, and Hazaribagh. The primary official language of Jharkhand is Hindi. Other secondary languages spoken here are Oriya, Urdu, Nagpuri, Bengali, Bhojpuri, Khortha, Sadri, and Angika.
The earliest literary sources of India’s history use the word “Kikkat“ for the Chota Nagpur region in Vedic literature while ultra Vedic literature is described as “Vratya Pradesh”. The Jharkhand region in the age of Mahabharata has been termed as “ Cattle Land” because of the abundance and plenty of forest in the region. Also, various types of pre-historic tools have been found in various parts of Jharkhand. The prehistoric history of the state is divided into three categories based on the stone tools found mainly as :
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Palaeolithic Period
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Mesolithic Period
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Neolithic Period
Timeline of the history of Jharkhand
*1765
Unsuccessful military mobilization to bring Santhal Pargana under British rule.
Paharia revolt.
*1780-85
Tilka Manjhi led the tribal revolt and managed to injure the British army chief.
*1785
*Tilka Manjhi hanged to death in Bhagalpur.
Tamar revolt.
*1795-1800
Munda revolt under the leadership of Vishnu Manaki.
*1798
Chaur revolt in Birbhum Bankura.
Bhoomij revolt of Manbhoom.
*1800-02
Munda revolt under the leadership of Dukhan Manaki of Tamar.
*1819-20
Munda revolt in Palamu under the leadership of Bhutan Singh.
Khawar revolt under the leadership of Bhagirath, Dubai Gosai, and Patel Singh..
*1833-34
Bhumij revolt under the leadership of Ganga Narain of Birnbaum.
*1855
Santhals waged war against the permanent settlement of Lord Cornwallis.
During the late 1850’s Sidhu had accumulated about Ten Thousand Santhals to run parallel govt. against British rule. This movement remained very active in Kahalgaon and Raniganj.
*1856
The police brigade was constituted.
*1856-57
Martyr Sahid Lal, Vishwanath Shahdeo, Sheikh Bhikhari, Ganptrai, and Budhu Veer led a movement against the British govt. in the sepoy mutiny.
Birsa movement.
*1874
Kherwar movement shot into fame under the leadership of Bhagirathi Manjhi.
*1881
Kherwar movement started.
Launching of ULGLAN under the leadership of Birsa.
*1912
Bihar bifurcated from Bengal and some parts of Chota Nagpur merged into Bengal.
*1913
Constitution of Chotnagpur unit samaj.
Tana Bhajgat movement started which had the participation of more than 26000 tribal.
*1915
Publication of Adivasi titled magazine started.
*1929
Simon commission presented with a memorandum which demanded the information of Jharkhand state.
Orissa was created as a separate state.
*1947
On Dec. 28 All India Jharkhand Party came into inception.
*1951
Jharkhand party was elected to Vidhan Sabha as the main opposition party.
*1969
Shibu Soren founded the Sonat Santahl Samaj.
*1971
A.K Roy founded the Marxist M.C.C to demand the separate Jharkhand state.
N.E Horo named his party as Jharkhand Party and on March 12th he presented the then Prime Minister a memorandum for a separate Jharkhand state.
*1977
Jharkhand party proposed for separate Jharkhand state which included not only Chota Nagpur and Santhal Pargana of Bihar but the adjoining area of Bengal.
*1978
The convention of the All India Jharkhand Party was held on May 21.
*1980
Establishment of Jharkhand Kranti Dal.
*1986
On September 25, the All Jharkhand Students Union gave its first call for the Jharkhand bandh, it was a huge success.
Call for boycott of Independence day. The home minister of India directed the Bihar government to prepare a report of all districts of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Pargana.
*1989
72 hours of economic blockade by AJSU was a total success.
*1989
6 days of economic blockade by Jharkhand Mukti Morcha was a success.
*1994
On Jan 6 Lalu Prasad Yadav declared in Ranchi that the Jharkhand development autonomous council bill will be passed in the budget session.
Jharkhand area autonomous council was formed which comprised of 18 districts of Santhal Pargana and Chota Nagpur and Shibu Soren was nominated as the Chairman.
*1997
In June, the Bihar government-sanctioned 24 Crores for conducting the elections of the Jharkhand Autonomous Council
*1997
In July, Shibu Soren offered support to the minority government of Lalu Prasad Yadav with a condition of a separate Jharkhand bill in the assembly.
*2000
On August 2, The bill to create a separate state of Jharkhand to be carved out of Bihar was passed in Lok Saba.
On August 11, Parliament approved the formation of Jharkhand when the Rajya Sabha passed the Bihar reorganization bill to carve out a new state out of Bihar’s northern region.
*2000
On August 25, President Mr. K.R. Narayanan approved the Bihar reorganization bill 2000.
*2000
On October 12, The center has issued the gazette notification showing November 15 as the appointed date for the formation of the new Jharkhand Government.
