Lagatar24 Desk
New Delhi: A recent study has shed light on the significant challenges faced by disabled, transgender, and gender-diverse communities in India in accessing Covid-19 vaccines. The research, conducted by Sharin D’souza and colleagues from the Initiative for Health Equity, Advocacy, and Research, Bhopal Hub, Sangath, Bhopal, and published in Science Direct, explores the deep-rooted inequalities within the healthcare system that hinder vaccination efforts for these marginalized groups.
The study identified multiple barriers, including gaps in communication, difficulties with vaccine registration, transportation problems, and inadequate infrastructure. These issues have contributed to lower vaccination rates among these communities compared to the general population. Interviews were conducted with 45 individuals from the transgender and disabled communities, as well as with health system representatives and key stakeholders, to gather comprehensive insights.
Despite India having one of the world’s largest Covid-19 vaccination campaigns, by May 2021, only 5.22% of transgender and gender-diverse individuals had been vaccinated, compared to 11.7% of the general population. By November 2021, the vaccination rate for people with disabilities was only about 0.03%, indicating a severe disparity in vaccine access.
The study highlights that both transgender and disabled communities in India often face marginalization due to stigma, discrimination, and a lack of adequate support. This marginalization results in higher rates of unemployment, poverty, and health issues, making these groups particularly vulnerable to Covid-19 complications and underscoring the importance of early vaccination.
Key Barriers Identified in the Study:
- Lack of Disability and Trans-Specific Information: There is a significant gap in vaccine-related information tailored for those with medical conditions or those who have undergone gender transition. This lack of information, combined with previous negative experiences with the healthcare system, has contributed to vaccine hesitancy among these communities.
- Procedural Barriers: Digital platforms for vaccine registration, such as CoWIN and Aarogya Setu, are not accessible to all. Additionally, the requirement for identity documents poses a challenge, particularly for transgender individuals who may not have updated identification reflecting their gender.
- Transportation and Infrastructure Issues: Many from these communities have to travel long distances to reach vaccination centers, a challenge exacerbated by lockdown restrictions and limited transportation options. Furthermore, the physical inaccessibility of some centers adds to the difficulty.
- Mistreatment at Vaccination Centers: Reports of discrimination and stigmatization at vaccination centers were common, with some individuals being denied services outright, further discouraging vaccine uptake.
The authors of the study emphasized the urgent need for more inclusive and accessible healthcare systems to ensure equitable access to vaccinations for all, regardless of disability or gender identity. Addressing these barriers is essential to protect these vulnerable groups from the ongoing pandemic.
